Fez is the third largest city in Morocco —after Casablanca and Rabat— with a population of just over one million. It is the capital of the Fez-Boulemane region. Fes, a former capital, is one of the country's four "imperial cities," the others being Rabat, Marrakech and Meknes. It comprises three distinct parts, Fes el Bali (the old, walled city), Fes-Jdid (new Fes, home of the Mellah) and the Ville Nouvelle (the French-created, newest section of Fes).