Cordoba Spain was founded by the Romans in 169 BC, and over the course of time became the capital of Al-Andalus, Spain’s historical moniker derived from Moorish times. In its prime, Cordoba was the largest of all European cities and a cultural and educational center considered a commanding western hub. Today, Cordoba hovers around tenth place in size of all Spain’s cities but the atmosphere reveals a more intimate feel with a steady focus on the historical core dominated by the glorious Mezquita, also called the Great Mosque of Cordoba.